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| 4:3-Aspect ratio
of standard television. |
| 16:9-Aspect ratio
of film and High Definition
Television. Also called widescreen. |
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| A
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AVI-A format developed
by Microsoft Corporation for storing video and audio information.
AVI files are limited to 320 x 240 resolution, and 30
frames per second, neither of which is adequate for full-screen,
full-motion video. |
Aspect Ratio-Used
to explain the ratio between the width of the picture and
the height of the picture.
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Audio- |
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Bandwidth-(1) A
range within a band of frequencies or wavelengths. (2)
The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed
amount of time. For digital devices, the bandwidth is
usually expressed in bits per second(bps) or bytes per
second.
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Broadband-A communications
network in which a frequency range is divided into multiple
independent channels for simultaneous transmission of
signals |
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CD-R-Short for Compact
Disk-Recordable. A type of disc that can be used to create
CD-ROMs and audio CDs. A CD-R can
only record data once and then the data becomes permanent
on the disc. |
CD-ROM-Short
for Compact Disc-Read-Only Memory. A type of optical disk
capable of storing amounts of data, usually up to 700
MB. |
CD-RW-Short for
CD-ReWritable disk. A type of CD disk that enables you
to write onto it in multiple sessions. With CD-RW drives
and disks, you can treat the optical disk just like a
floppy or hard disk, writing data onto it multiple times. |
Codec- Short for
Compressor/Decompressor. A codec is any technology for
compressing and decompressing data. Codecs can be implemented
in software, hardware, or a combination of both. |
Component Video- |
Composite Video-
Type of video signal in which all information, the red,
blue, and green signals, and sometimes audio signals as
well, are mixed together. This is the type of signal used
by televisions in the United States. |
| Compression-The
process of removing redundancies, so that a file takes up
less space. There are two main forms of compression, Lossless
Compression and Lossy Compression.
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| Compression-Lossless-Form
of compression that only takes away a certain amount of
data so that it can be returned to its original complete
state. |
| Compression-Lossy-Form
of compression that sacrifices more data to produce better
compression. MPEG-4 is a lossy compression
that can keep high quality but can reduce the amount of
space a video file needs tremendously. |
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DV-Short for Digital
Video. Refers to the capturing, manipulation and storage
of video in digital formats. A digital video (DV) camcorder
is a video camera that captures and stores images on a
digital medium.
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DVCAM-Digital Video
Tape format developed by the Sony Corporation. |
DVCPro-Digital Video
tape format developed by Panasonic. |
DVD-Short
for digital versatile disc or digital video disc. DVD's
hold a minimum of 4.7 GB of data, enough for a full-length
movie. DVDs are commonly used as a medium for digital
representation of movies and other multimedia presentations
that combine sound with graphics, as well as, computer
data. |
| DVD-5-A recordable DVD.
A DVD-5 disc is a one-sided, single-layer disc and can contain
up to 4.7 gigabytes of data. |
| DVD-9-A recordable DVD.
A DVD-9 disc is a one-sided, dual-layer disc and can contain
up to 8.5 gigabytes of data. |
| DVD-10-A recordable DVD.
A DVD-10 disc is a two-sided, single-layer disc and can
contain up to 9.4 gigabytes of data. |
| DVD-18-A recordable DVD.
A DVD-18 disc is a two-sided, dual-layer disc and can contain
up to 17 gigabytes of data. |
DVD-Authoring-The
process by which already-encoded video files are transferred
onto a DVD. DVD authoring usually involves
using separate DVD authoring software that allows users
to create menus, chapters, music, etc to the disc's layout
in addition to the actual video files and transfer this
structure to a filesystem that can then be burned to a
DVD. |
DVD-R-Short
for DVD-Recordable. A recordable DVD
format. A DVD-R can only record data once and then the
data becomes permanent on the disc. The disc can not be
recorded onto a second time. There also are two additional
standards for DVD-R disks: DVD-RG for general use, and
DVD-RA for authoring, which is used for mastering DVD
video or data and is not typically available to the general
public. DVD-R, DVD-RW and DVD-RAM
are supported by Panasonic, Toshiba, Apple Computer, Hitachi,
NEC, Pioneer, Samsung and Sharp. These formats are also
supported by the DVD Forum. |
| DVD-R DL-Short
for DVD-Recordable Dual Layer. A recordable DVD
format. A DVD-R DL is similar to a DVD-R
disc, in that it can only record data once and then the
data becomes permanent on the disc, and cannot be recorded
onto a second time. However, a DVD-R DL has two layers,
in which the disc can hold up to 8.5 GB of video or computer
data. A DVD-R DL formats are ssupported by Panasonic, Toshiba,
Apple Computer, Hitachi, NEC, Pioneer, Samsung and Sharp.
These formats are also supported by the DVD Forum. |
| DVD-RAM-A DVD
format wherein discs can be recorded and erased repeatedly
but are only compatible with devices manufactured by the
companies that support the DVD-RAM format. DVD-RAM discs
are typically housed in cartridges. DVD-R,
DVD-RW and DVD-RAM are supported by
Panasonic, Toshiba, Apple Computer, Hitachi, NEC, Pioneer,
Samsung and Sharp. These formats are also supported by the
DVD Forum. |
| DVD-RW-Short for
DVD-ReWritable. A re-recordable DVD format.
The data on a DVD-RW disc can be erased and recorded over
numerous times without damaging the medium. DVD-R,
DVD-RW and DVD-RAM are supported
by Panasonic, Toshiba, Apple Computer, Hitachi, NEC, Pioneer,
Samsung and Sharp. These formats are also supported by the
DVD Forum. |
| DVD-ROM-Stands
for DVD-Read-Only Memory. A read-only compact disc that
can hold a minimum of 4.7 GB (gigabytes), enough for a full-length
movie. |
| DVD-Video-Standard
developed by DVD Forum and specifies how video should be
stored on optical DVD disc. DVD-Video specs allow two different
kind of video encoding algorithms to be used:
MPEG-1 and MPEG-2. Virtually all
DVD-Video discs use MPEG-2 format, because of its superiority
in video quality over MPEG-1. |
DVD+R-Short
for DVD+Recordable. A recordable DVD
format. A DVD+R can only record data once and then the
data becomes permanent on the disc. The disc can not be
recorded onto a second time. DVD+R formats are supported
by Philips, Sony, Hewlett-Packard, Dell, Ricoh, Yamaha
and others. |
| DVD+R DL-Short for
DVD+Recordable Dual Layer. A recordable DVD
format. A DVD+R DL is similar to a DVD+R
disc, in that it can only record data once and then the
data becomes permanent on the disc, and cannot be recorded
onto a second time. However, a DVD+R DL has two layers,
in which the disc can hold up to 8.5 GB of video or computer
data. A DVD+R DL formats are supported by Philips, Sony,
Hewlett-Packard, Dell, Ricoh, Yamaha and others. |
DVD+RW-Short
for DVD+ReWritable. A re-recordable DVD
format. The data on a DVD+RW disc can be erased and recorded
over numerous times without damaging the medium. DVD+RW
formats are supported by Philips, Sony, Hewlett-Packard,
Dell, Ricoh, Yamaha and others. |
Data Compression-Enables
devices to transmit or store the same amount of data in
fewer bits. There are a variety of data compression techniques,
but only a few have been standardized. |
| Digital 8-Digital Video Tape developed
by the Sony Corporation. Uses the same video cassettes as
the Hi8 format. |
Download- To copy
data, usually an entire file, from a main source to a
peripheral device. The term is often used to describe
the process of copying a file from an online service or
bulletin board service (BBS) to one's own computer. Downloading
can also refer to copying a file from a network file server
to a computer on the network. |
Download-Progressive- |
Download-Streaming- |
Duplication- |
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Encoding-The process
of taking an audio, video or picture file, and using compression
to convert it to another format. |
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Firewire-Apple
Computer, Inc. version of IEEE 1394. |
Flash-A
bandwidth friendly and browser independent vector-graphic
animation technology. As long as different browsers are
equipped with the necessary plug-ins, Flash animations
will look the same. |
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| GB-Short for Gigabyte. |
Gigabyte-One
gigabyte is equal to 1,024 megabytes. Gigabyte is often
abbreviated as G or GB |
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| HD-Short for High
Definition. |
| HDTV-Short for High
Definition Television. |
| Hi8-Analog Video Tape
format developed by the Sony Corporation. |
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| High Definition
Television- |
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IEEE
1394-A very fast external bus, which has two
standards; IEEE 1394a and IEEE
1394b. Commonly used for digital
video editing. Products supporting the 1394 standard
go under different names, depending on the company. Apple,
which originally developed the technology, uses the trademarked
name FireWire. Other companies,
such as the Sony Corporation use other names, such as
i.link, to describe their IEEE 1394
products. |
| IEEE 1394a-IEEE
1394 standard that supports transfer rates of up to
400 Mbps. |
| IEEE 1394b-IEEE
1394 standard that supports transfer rates of up to
800 Mbps. |
i.link-Sony
Corporation version of IEEE 1394.
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IP-Short for Internet
Protocol. IP specifies the format of packets, also called
datagrams, and the addressing scheme. |
IPTV- |
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| MB-Short for Megabyte. |
| Mbps-Stands for Megabits
per second. |
| MOV-Short for Movie. File extension for
QuickTime. |
Megabyte-One
megabyte is equal to 1,048,576 bytes. Megabyte is frequently
abbreviated as M or MB. |
MPEG-Short for Moving
Picture Experts Group. Refers to the family of digital
video compression standards and file formats developed
by the group. MPEG generally produces better-quality video
than competing formats. |
MPEG-1-The
most common implementations of the MPEG-1 standard provide
a video resolution of 352-by-240 at 30 frames per second
(fps). This produces video quality slightly below the
quality of conventional VCR videos. |
MPEG-2-Offers
resolutions of 720x480 and 1280x720 at 60 fps, with full
CD-quality audio. This is sufficient for all the major
TV standards, including NTSC, and
even HDTV. MPEG-2 is used by DVD-ROMs.
MPEG-2 can compress a 2 hour video into a few gigabytes.
While decompressing an MPEG-2 data stream requires only
modest computing power, encoding video in MPEG-2 format
requires significantly more processing power. |
MPEG-4-A
graphics and video compression algorithm standard that
is based on MPEG-1 and MPEG-2
and QuickTime technology. Wavelet-based
MPEG-4 files are smaller than most other media files,
so they are designed to transmit video and images over
a narrower bandwidth and can mix video with text, graphics
and 2-D and 3-D animation layers.
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MiniDV-Digital Video
Tape format. |
Modem-Short for
modulator-demodulator. A modem is a device or program
that enables a computer to transmit data over, telephone
or cable lines. Computer information is stored digitally,
whereas information transmitted over telephone lines is
transmitted in the form of analog waves. A modem converts
between these two forms. |
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NTSC-
Short for National Television System Committee. The NTSC
is responsible for setting television and video standards
in the United States. The NTSC standard for television
defines a composite video signal with a refresh rate of
60 half-frames (interlaced) per second. Each frame contains
525 lines and can contain 16 million different colors. |
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PAL-Short for Phase
Alternating Line. PAL is the dominant television standard
in Europe. PAL delivers 625 lines at 50 half-frames per
second. Many video adapters that enable computer monitors
to be used as television screens support both NTSC
and PAL signals. |
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QuickTime-A
video and animation system developed by Apple Computer.
QuickTime supports most encoding formats.. |
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RA-Short for Real
Audio. File extension for Real Media. |
RM-Short for Real
Media. File extension for Real Media. |
RAM-Short for Real
Media Metafile. It gets its name from the process it uses
to easily stream Real Media,
which is a feature of the server called "ramgen."
This is just a simple URL that points to the Real Media
or Real Audio file. File extension for Real
Media. |
Real
Media-A Real Networks, Inc file format for encoding
digital audio and video files. Can be of any size compressed
to match many different connection speeds, or bandwidth |
| RealVideo-A Real
Networks, Inc streaming video format for encoding digital
video files. Can be of any size compressed to match many
different connection speeds, or bandwidth |
| Region Code- Flags implemented in DVD-Video
discs that determine the geographic area where the DVD-Video
disc is being sold and where it can be watched. Region codes
are controlled normally by the DVD players. This means that
a DVD player bought from the manufacturer in one country
will not play a DVD disc brought from the manufacturer in
another country, whose region code is not the same.. |
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S-Video-Short
for Super-Video. A technology for transmitting video signals
over a cable by dividing the video information into two
separate signals: one for color (chrominance), and the
other for brightness (luminance). When sent to a television,
this produces sharper images than composite video. This
is because televisions are designed to display separate
Luminance (Y) and Chrominance (C) signals. |
SECAM-Stands for
Sequential Couleur avec Mémoire. The television
broadcast standard in France, the Middle East, and most
of Eastern Europe. SECAM broadcasts 819 lines of resolution
per second.
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SVHS-Short for Super-VHS.
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SWF-Short for Small
Web Format. Extension for Flash Player
Files. |
Server-A computer
or device on a network that manages network resources.
Any user on the network can store files on the server.
A print server is a computer that manages one or more
printers, and a network server is a computer that manages
network traffic. A database server is a computer system
that processes database queries. |
Streaming-A technique
for transferring data such that it can be processed as
a steady and continuous stream. With streaming, the client
browser or plug-in can start displaying the data before
the entire file has been transmitted. |
Streaming-Live- |
Streaming-Video On Demand
(VOD)- |
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| Transcoding- The process of converting
a media file or object from one format to another. Transcoding
is most often used to convert video formats. |
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Upload- To transmit
data from a computer to a bulletin board service, mainframe,
or network.
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VCR-Short for Video
Cassette Recorder. |
VGA-Short for Video
Graphics Array. A graphics display system for PCs developed
by IBM. VGA has become one of the de facto standards for
PCs. |
VHS- |
Video-(1) Refers
to recording, manipulating, and displaying moving images,
especially in a format that can be presented on a television.
(2) Refers to displaying images and text on a computer
monitor. The video adapter, for example, is responsible
for sending signals to the display device. (3) A recording
produced with a video recorder (camcorder) or some other
device that captures full motion.
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Videoconference- |
Video Editing-The
process of manipulating video images. Video editing includes
cutting segments, trimming, re-sequencing clips, adding
transitions and other special effects, etc.
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Video Editing-Linear- |
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VTR-Short for Video
Tape Recorder. |
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Windows
Media Audio-A Microsoft file format for encoding
digital audio files. Can be of any size compressed to
match many different connection speeds, or bandwidths. |
Windows
Media Video-A Microsoft file format for encoding
digital video files. Can be of any size compressed to
match many different connection speeds, or bandwidths. |
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| Y/C Video-Video that display separate
Luminance (Y) and Chrominance (C) signals. See S-Video. |
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Most Definitions derived
from Webopedia.com. Must give them credit. |
|
If you feel that there are
other terms or phrases that you believe belong in the
ITV Multimedia Glossary, please feel free to contact us. |
